Breeding value of drought-resistant sterile sorghum lines

Currently, breeders often use multidimensional statistics methods to process a large set of experimental data. To characterize the breeding value of 20 sorghum lines with cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS lines) under arid cultivation conditions, during the research there was applied a cluster analysis, allowing to group the lines into clusters according to similar indicators from 15 analyzed agronomic and physiological characteristics. The studies were carried out during 2019-2021, various in meteorological conditions: the hydrothermal coefficient was 0.59-0.84 during the vegetation period of plants. Cytoplasmic male sterility lines were sown at a density of 100 thousand plants per 1 hectare. Breeding and physiological traits were evaluated according to generally accepted methods. The assessment of agronomic and physiological characteristics was carried out according to generally accepted methods. For further practical work, based on the results of the conducted studies, four CMS lines of grain sorghum (clusters 2, 3, 5) were identified according to a complex of physiological and breeding characteristics. Sterile lines (A2 Vostorg, M35-1А Pischevoe 614, A3 Feterita 14 and A2 KVV 114) were distinguished by the highest seed yield of 3.02-3.50 t/ha, high water content (72.7-73.7 %) and water retention capacity of leaves (72.2-84.3 %), low water deficiency (6.5-8.7 %). The study of moisture loss during the natural wilting of leaves confirmed the high resistance to drought in the flowering phase of the sterile A2 KVV 114 line, in which the intensity of moisture loss after 1 hour was only 9.9 %, 1.5 h – 15.8 % and 24 h – 68.6 %. In breeding for increasing drought resistance the CMS-line A1 Efremovskoe 2 (the sixth cluster) should be noted, as it was inferior to the above-described lines only in terms of low water deficiency (16.5 %), indicating average drought resistance. The line is the tallest with large leaves (length – 46.7 cm, area – 163.8 cm2) and form 3.21 t/ha of seeds on average for the period presented. The use of the obtained data provides the increasing of the breeding process for the creation of productive drought-resistant F1 sorghum hybrids

Media communication as a factor of diaspora self-organization

Intensively developing information and information and communication technologies contribute to the transformation of the modern international students’ migration process. There is a need to redefine and rethink many concepts, including the concept of diaspora, as well as rethinking the role of Internet technologies in diaspora communication processes, which are formed at several levels: migrant – country of origin and migrant – recipient country. The nature of interactions of a foreign citizen is changing not only with his historical homeland, but also with the state in which he finds himself. It becomes obvious that Internet technologies and Internet communications can influence the process of adaptation of foreign students, as well as the nature of their interactions with compatriots and representatives of other socio-cultural environment. Media communication, which is formed in the Internet, has an impact on the organization of the diaspora, on its self-organization, which requires studying this area, as well as possible aspects of self-organization in new media conditions. In this article, the authors attempt to analyze how modern Internet technologies help a foreign student at various stages of his adaptation to new socio-cultural conditions, also assess the role of Internet technologies in the preparatory stage, when a foreign student is just planning his move and actively searching for reliable information about possible obstacles, problems and opportunities of his stay in a new territory. An important section of the article is the analysis of Internet technologies as a mechanism of diaspora communication, as well as a mechanism for implementing the communicative capital of the diaspora in the process of adaptation of a foreign student and his integration into new socio–cultural conditions and the educational environment of the university

Assessment of drought resistance in sorghum CMS lines based on various sterility sources

Background. Global climate changes have recently led to a more frequent occurrence of adverse factors and a decrease in the productivity of major crops. Sorghum is a highly drought-resistant crop that can tolerate long-term soil and air droughts with much lower harvest losses than wheat or barley. It is important to understand physiological mechanisms affecting drought tolerance when breeding efforts are aimed at improving the adaptability to abiotic conditions and productivity of sorghum hybrids.Materials and methods. Twenty sterile lines of grain sorghum with 8 types of CMS were studied in 2019 and 2020 in the arid conditions of Saratov Province. Indicators of the leaf water regime were assessed according to VIR’s guidelines. Statistical processing of the research results was performed using the AGROS 2.09 software.Results. The indicators of the leaf water regime that reflected differentiated responses of the CMS-line plants to the prevailing water and temperature stressors during the critical flowering period for sorghum were analyzed. Four CMS lines were identified according to the chosen set of indicators: they manifested 71.13–72.02% of total water content, 5.26–9.08% of water deficit, and 57.40–83.17% of water retention capacity on average for the two years of research. For the first time, the effect of CMS in sorghum on the manifestation of water regime indicators was registered. In isonuclear CMS lines, the greatest effect on drought resistance was shown by cytoplasm A3 versus A4 (with the Zheltozernoe 10 genome), cytoplasm A5 versus A1 (with the Karlik 4v genome), and M35-1A versus the analog on cytoplasm 9E (with the Pischevoe 614 genome).Conclusion. It is shown that genetically different types of sterility can be used in breeding practice to increase the resistance to abiotic stressors in components of F1 crosses and hybrids

Normal-state resistivity anisotropy in underdoped RBa_2Cu_3O_{6+x} crystals

We have revealed new features in the out-of-plane resistivity rho_c of heavily underdoped RBa_2Cu_3O_{6+x} (R=Tm,Lu) single crystals, which give evidence for two distinct mechanisms contributing the c-axis transport. We have observed a crossover towards "metal-like" (d rho_c/d T > 0) behavior at the temperature T_m which quickly increases with decreasing doping. The "metal-like" conductivity contribution dominates at T < T_m and provides a saturation of the resistivity anisotropy, rho_c / rho_{ab}. The antiferromagnetic ordering is found to block this "metal-like" part of the c-axis conductivity and complete decoupling of CuO_2 planes, which may be the reason of superconductivity disappearance.Comment: RevTex, 4 pages including 4 eps figures. To be published in Phys.Rev.Let

Neither a Nitric Oxide Donor Nor Potassium Channel Blockage Inhibit RBC Mechanical Damage Induced by a Roller Pump

Red blood cells (RBC) are exposed to various levels of shear stresses when they are exposed to artificial flow environments, such as extracorporeal flow circuits and hemodialysis equipment. This mechanical trauma affects RBC and the resulting effect is determined by the magnitude of shear forces and exposure time. It has been previously demonstrated that nitric oxide (NO) donors and potassium channel blockers could prevent the sub-hemolytic damage to RBC, when they are exposed to 120 Pa shear stress in a Couette shearing system. This study aimed at testing the effectiveness of NO donor sodium nitroprussid (SNP, 10-4 M) and non-specific potassium channel blocker tetraethylammonium (TEA, 10-7 M) in preventing the mechanical damage to RBC in a simple flow system including a roller pump and a glass capillary of 0.12 cm diameter. RBC suspensions were pumped through the capillary by the roller pump at a flow rate that maintains 200 mmHg hydrostatic pressure at the entrance of the capillary. An aliquot of 10 ml of RBC suspension of 0.4 L/L hematocrit was re-circulated through the capillary for 30 minutes. Plasma hemoglobin concentrations were found to be significantly increased (~7 folds compared to control aliquot which was not pumped through the system) and neither SNP nor TEA prevented this hemolysis. Alternatively, RBC deformability assessed by laser diffraction ektacytometry was not altered after 30 min of pumping and both SNP and TEA had no effect on this parameter. The results of this study indicated that, in contrast with the findings in RBC exposed to a well-defined magnitude of shear stress in a Couette shearing system, the mechanical damage induced by a roller pump could not be prevented by NO donor or potassium channel blocker

STRUCTURE OF IXODES TICK COMMUNITIES AT THE CONTINENTAL PART OF SOUTH PRIMORYE TERRITORY AND RUSSIAN ISLAND

In April-June 2012 a collection and analysis of structure of Ixodes tick communities was performed in various biotopes at the Primorye Territory. Five tick species (Ixodes persulcatus Schulze, 1930, I. pavlovskyi Pomerantzev, 1946, Haemaphysalis concinna Koch, 1844, H. japonica douglasi Nuttall et Warburton 1915, Dermacentor silvarum Olenev, 1932) were revealed. It was shown that I. pavlovskyi was rare at the continental part of the Primorye Territory, but it often happened at the Russian island. On the Continent H. japonica douglasi prevailed over H. concinna in total collections. Correlation of these species at the Russian island was reversed. Distinctions in the structure of Ixodes tick communities, formed due to specificity of ecological conditions and. long enough isolation of the parasites' fauna at the island, could affect the ratio and. features of the causative agents of the human infectious diseases for which the carrier organism serves as the first environment

Problem of spreading fake information in the Internet space analysis

Modern Internet space is filled with various kinds of information, including unreliable, fake information. In the current socio-cultural, socio-political, and socio-economic conditions, we should expect further increase in the spread of fakes and, as a consequence, their negative impact on people’s lives. The article analyses results of a sociological study on the attitude of the Kursk region population to fakes spread in the Internet space. The empirical basis of the study is the results of the online questionnaire survey conducted in September 2022 in the Kursk region. The sample population of the study was 521 people living in the territory of Kursk and Kursk region. Fakes are becoming a real part of life in modern society. Residents of the region are constantly faced with inaccurate information. They recognize its danger and note that fakes nevertheless “attract” their attention. The current situation requires additional measures development to regulate dissemination of information in the Internet space

Прогностическая значимость показателей кислородного транспорта и водных пространств при тяжелой сочетанной травме

Objective: to reveal a relationship between the impaired oxygen transport and the sectoral distribution of fluids in severe concomitant injury (SCI). Subjects and methods: A follow-up covered 29 patients with SCI. The severity of the condition was evaluated using the traumatic shock scale (Dzhanelidze Research Institute of Emergency Care, Saint Petersburg). Differences were estimated between the groups of patients with varying traumatic shock and between the surviving and deceased victims. The victims were examined by the generally accepted standards of clinical and laboratory studies; noninvasive monitoring of hemodynamics and fluid distribution along the body&#8217;s aqueous sectors was made in all the patients, by applying integral tetrapolar rheovasography and two-frequency bioimpedance study (Diamant-M, Saint Petersburg). Results. The diagnostic and predictive values of determination of the cardiac index have been ascertained by the Tishchenko tetrapolar rheovasography in patients with SCI. The cardiac index of less than 3.2 l/min^m2 in the first 24 hours after referral to an intensive care unit (ICU) is a predictor of mortality. The above cardiac index is consistent with the presence of evident oxygen debt along with the respective oxygen extraction coefficient of greater than 42%. With lower cardiac index, there may be associated dyshidria: hyperosmolar hyperhydration of the intravascular sector and interstice with a tendency for intracellular sector dehydration. On the basis of determination of a low cardiac index (less than 3.2 l/min^m2 in the first 24 hours after referral to the ICU), intensive care tactics aimed at preventing and correcting the above-mentioned homeostatic disorders should be chosen. Key words: severe injury, cardiac index, oxygen transport, water electrolyte disorders.Цель исследования . Выявить взаимосвязь нарушений транспорта кислорода и секторального распределения жидкости при тяжелой сочетанной травме. Материал и методы. В наблюдении участвовали 29 пациентов с тяжелой соче-танной травмой. Тяжесть состояния оценивали с использованием шкалы тяжести травматического шока (НИИ скорой помощи им. И. И. Джанелидзе, Санкт-Петербург). Оценивали различия между группами больных с различной степенью тяжести травматического шока, а также между выжившими и умершими пострадавшими. Пострадавших обследовали по общепринятым стандартам клинико-лабораторных исследований, всем больным проводили неинвазив-ный мониторинг гемодинамики и распределения жидкости по водным секторам организма методами интегральной те-траполярной реовазографии и двухчастотной биоимпедансометрии («Диамант-М», Санкт-Петербург). Результаты. Установлена диагностическая и прогностическая значимость определения величины сердечного индекса методом те-траполярной реовазографии по М. И. Тищенко у больных с ТСТ. Сердечный индекс менее 3,2 л/мин^м2 в первые сутки при поступлении в ОРИТ является предиктором летальности. Указанному значению сердечного индекса соответствует наличие у пациента выраженной кислородной задолженности с соответствующим значением коэффициента экстракции кислорода выше 42%. При снижении СИ развивается ассоциированная дисгидрия: гиперосмолярная гипергидратация внутрисосудистого сектора и интерстиция с тенденцией к обезвоживанию внутриклеточного сектора. На основании определения низкого сердечного индекса (менее 3,2 л/мин^м2 в первые сутки при поступлении в ОРИТ) следует выбирать тактику интенсивной терапии, направленную на профилактику и коррекцию развития указанных нарушений гомеостаза. Ключевые слова: тяжелая травма, сердечный индекс, транспорт кислорода, водно-электролитные нарушения